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02.01.05
Clustering Solutions And Zero Downtime Hosting Pitfalls
 By Godfrey Heron
There are a number of benchmarks, which we may use to evaluate hosting companies. One of these is, reliability.
Like most things in this life, reliability in web hosting is typically a function of how much we are willing to spend for it. In essence, a "cost-effectiveness" equation needs to be determined and solved.
Reliability can be measured in terms of percentage availability. Industry personnel will talk of reliability in terms of system availability with three (99.9%), four (99.99%) or five nines.(99.999%).
Typically, web-hosting availability exceeding three nines was the purvue of extremely large companies with multiple layers of redundancy built into their network and software systems. However technology has now brought high-availability theory and cost-effective reality into alignment.
High availability can be achieved by removing, as far as possible, any "single point/s of failure", or, where this is not altogether possible, minimizing the time spent in a "failure" situation.
One of the ways in which small businesses and ISP's can reasonably avoid single point of failures is by employing server farm clustering and load-balancing solutions.
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Webopedia defines server farm clustering as follows:
"A server farm is a group of networked servers that are housed in one location. A server farm streamlines internal processes by distributing the workload between the individual components of the farm and expedites computing processes by harnessing the power of multiple servers.
The farms rely on load-balancing software that accomplishes such tasks as tracking demand for processing power from different machines, prioritizing the tasks and scheduling and rescheduling them depending on priority and demand that users put on the network. When one server in the farm fails, another can step in as a backup."
It is important to note, that typically, web servers, which are load-balanced in such a manner, display one external IP address to the public Internet, while using internal network IP's to communicate between the clustered servers and load balancer. Now this is indeed fantastic! Not only do you receive web site peak demand scalability with web server clusters, but you also have the built-in "high uptime availability" component which is so important.
However this is only half of the picture.
There are very important cautionary notes to keep in mind.
Where web hosting is concerned, availability depends on two things:
1. Hardware reliability (RAID drives, server clustering etc) within the Data Center;
2. High Bandwidth Internet Connectivity to the Data Center / Network Operating Center (NOC).
Now, with all your well thought out server clustering solutions, what would be the result, if, (as had recently occurred in a very high profile web company), a fire in the Network vicinity had caused the entire Data Center to shut down power for hours. Or, a bandwidth provider to the NOC had router problems. All your websites would be showing the dreaded "Page Cannot be Displayed" page.
The ideal solution therefore would be to employ clustering solutions with servers in entirely different Data Centers with different bandwidth providers. Redundant Data Centers eliminate the NOC itself being a single point of failure. This scenario becomes interesting at this point, because the difficulty of addressing the potential problems now increase exponentially.
Read the Rest of the Article.
About the Author:
Godfrey Heron is the Website Manager of the Irieisle Multiple Domain Hosting Services company. Signup for your free trial, and host multi domains and web sites on one account: http://www.irieisle-online.com |
